This report examines how European RUC systems are responding to these pressures and where limitations remain. It draws primarily on insights presented at Road User Charging Conference 2026 in Brussels, which marked the 23rd annual gathering of the road user charging community.
The conference brought together more than two dozen speakers from public authorities, operators, service providers, enforcement specialists, technology companies, researchers and policy experts, with more than 100 attendees from 24 countries across Europe, North America and Asia.